* KRAUSE & COOK "POLICY PRIORITIES" (JANUARY 9, 2013): ALTERNATIVE MODEL 2 ANALYSIS (UNRESTRICTED MODEL: TIME DUMMY FIXED EFFECTS IN EIP MODEL FOR YEARS THAT DO NOT DROP OUT DUE TO MULTICOLLINEARITY -- REPORTED IN SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX DOCUMENT) 

* OPEN STATA OUTPUT FILE LOG

log using "D:\Asymmetric Loss Project\New Version (2012)\Data Folder\policy priorities.unrestricted alternative EIP models.01-09-13.smcl", replace


* OPEN "BASE 'PURSE STRINGS'" DATA SET
  
use "D:\Asymmetric Loss Project\New Version (2012)\Data Folder\policy priorities.02-01-12.dta", clear
  
  ************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** EIP MODEL: MODEL 2 (UNRESTRICTED MODEL REPORTED IN SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX: TIMEWISE DUMMY FIXED EFFECTS IN EIP MODEL FOR YEARS THAT DO NOT DROP OUT DUE TO MULTICOLLINEARITY  DUMMIES) ********
*** NOTE: OMITTED TIME DUMMIES DUE TO COLLINEARITY ARE AS FOLLOWS: FY 1960, FY 1961, FY 1962, FY1964, FY 1969, FY 1976, FY 1977, FY 1984, FY 1991, FY 2001 *** 

************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

**** FIRST-STAGE ESTIMATION: OBTAINING EXTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDEGTARY PREFERENCE (EIP) PROPOSAL MODEL ESTIMATES *****

set more off 

xtset agencycode fiscalyear, yearly
* eststo clear

** MODEL 2 (REPORTED IN THE SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX): (USE FOLLOWING 'AGENCY-IDEOLOGY' ADJUSTED COVARIATES: HDEMPCTAI, SDEMPCTAI, ASCIHA, & ASCTHA INTERACTION TERMS FROM EIP PROPOSAL MODEL SPECIFICATION)
xtreg prgrowth hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratepres lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp fy1963 fy1965 fy1966 fy1967 fy1968 fy1970 fy1971 fy1972 fy1973 fy1974 ///
      fy1975 fy1978 fy1979 fy1980 fy1981 fy1982 fy1983 fy1985 fy1986 fy1987 fy1988 fy1989 fy1990 fy1992 fy1993 fy1994 fy1995 fy1996 fy1997 fy1998 fy1999 fy2000 fy2002 fy2003 fy2005 fy2006 fy2007 fy2008 fy2009, fe cluster(agencycode)	 	
		
* OBTAIN THE EXTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDEGTARY PREFERENCE (EIP) PROPOSAL MODEL ESTIMATES BY COMPUTING THE PREDICTED VALUES OF THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE FROM THE PRECEDING REGRESSION MODEL *estat icpredict eip, xbu



***************************************************************************************************************************************

***************************************************************************************************************************************

***************************************************************************************************************************************


**** SECOND-STAGE ESTIMATION: OBTAINING GENERALIZED PROPOSAL (GP) MODEL ESTIMATES *****


**** EQUATION (2.1): EXCESS FUNDINGS BIAS EQUATION ANALYSIS *****
* The xtset needs to be cleared in order to make the bootstrap process work with the cluster() and idcluster()
xtset, clearbootstrap _b, reps(10008) bca seed(123) nodots cluster(agencycode) idcluster(newagencycode): regress prgrowth eip presparty libagency modagency partymod partylibestat ic
predict bstrapeq2, xbxtile bootmedcons1=_b[_cons], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedeip=_b[eip], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedparty=_b[presparty], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedlibagency=_b[libagency], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedmodagency=_b[modagency], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedpartymod=_b[partymod], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedpartylib=_b[partylib], nquantiles(2)
* Now we have to Reset the Panel Data Declaration
xtset agencycode fiscalyear, yearly
* Generating Predicted Values of the Observed Proposal (OP)
gen predreq1=bootmedcons1+bootmedeip*eip+bootmedparty*presparty+bootmedlibagency*libagency+bootmedmodagency*modagency+bootmedpartymod*partymod+bootmedpartylib*partylib
* Generating the Residuals from Stage 1
gen residstage1=prgrowth-predreq1gen absresidstage1=abs(residstage1)

************************************************************************************************************************************** EQUATION (2.2) -- FIRST-STAGE ARCH(j) MODEL ESTIMATES: j=1, j=2, j=3, & j=4 (ANALYSIS FROM 1 TO 4 LAGS ON THE ARCH TERMS) **************************************************************************************************************************************
xtreg absresidstage1 l.absresidstage1, fe
predict absresid1stpred1, xbu
estat ic 
*

xtreg absresidstage1 l(1/2).absresidstage1, fe
predict absresid1stpred2, xbu
estat ic
*

xtreg absresidstage1 l(1/3).absresidstage1, fe
predict absresid1stpred3, xbu
estat ic
*

xtreg absresidstage1 l(1/4).absresidstage1, fe
predict absresid1stpred4, xbu
estat ic
*


correlate absresid1stpred1 absresid1stpred2 absresid1stpred3 absresid1stpred4 

************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** * BASE SUBSEQUENT ANALYSIS ON ARCH(1)RESIDUAL PROCESS OBTAINED IN EQUATION (2.2) SINCE IT IS BEST FIT TO DATA AND HIGHLY CORRELATED WITH HIGHER-ORDER ARCH PROCESSES *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 


*The result from the above list of procedures is that we will use a single lag for the model to bootstrap* Bootstrapped ARCH model using the asbsolute values of the residuals from the preceding procedure *xtset agencycode fiscalyear, yearly

************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** * EQUATION (2.3): ESTIMATE "FINAL" FIRST-STAGE ARCH(1) RESIDUAL ANALYSIS *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
gen lagabsresidstage1=l.absresidstage1bootstrap _b, reps(10003) bca seed(123) nodots saving(eq3boot, replace): xtreg absresidstage1 lagabsresidstage1, feestat ic
predict bstrapeq3, xbuxtile bootmedcons2=_b[_cons], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedlagabsresid2=_b[lagabsresidstage1], nquantiles(2)gen cfesdhat1=bootmedcons2+bootmedlagabsresid2*lagabsresidstage1 gen cfesd1party=cfesdhat1*prespartygen cfesd1modagency=cfesdhat1*modagencygen cfesd1libagency=cfesdhat1*libagencygen cfesd1partymodag=cfesdhat1*modagency*prespartygen cfesd1partylibag=cfesdhat1*libagency*prespartyregress prgrowth eip presparty libagency modagency partymod partylib /// 	cfesdhat1 cfesd1party cfesd1modagency cfesd1libagency cfesd1partymodag cfesd1partylibag
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** * EQUATION (2.4): FIRST-STAGE GENERALIZED PROPOSAL MODEL ESTIMATES *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtset, clear
bootstrap _b, reps(10010) bca seed(123) nodots cluster(agencycode) idcluster(new2agencycode) saving(cfesregboot, replace): ///	regress prgrowth eip presparty libagency modagency partymod partylib cfesdhat1 cfesd1party ///	cfesd1modagency cfesd1libagency cfesd1partymodag cfesd1partylibag
    estat ic 
	
	predict bstrapeq4, xbxtile bootmedcons3=_b[_cons], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedeip3=_b[eip], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedparty3=_b[presparty], nquantiles(2) xtile bootmedlibagency3=_b[libagency], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedmodagency3=_b[modagency], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedpartymod3=_b[partymod], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedpartylib3=_b[partylib], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedcfesd3=_b[cfesdhat1],  nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedcfesdparty3=_b[cfesd1party],  nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedcfesdma3=_b[cfesd1modagency],  nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedcfesdla3=_b[cfesd1libagency],  nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedcfesdpma3=_b[cfesd1partymodag],  nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedcfesdpla3=_b[cfesd1partylibag], nquantiles(2)xtset agencycode fiscalyear, yearlygenerate predvalstage2= bootmedcons3 + bootmedparty3*presparty + bootmedeip3*eip + ///	bootmedlibagency3*libagency + bootmedmodagency3*modagency + bootmedpartymod3*partymod + bootmedpartylib3*partylib + ///	bootmedcfesd3*cfesdhat1+ bootmedcfesdparty3*cfesd1party + bootmedcfesdma3*cfesd1modagency + ///	bootmedcfesdla3*cfesd1libagency + bootmedcfesdpma3*cfesd1partymodag + bootmedcfesdpla3*cfesd1partylibag
	*generate residuals and absolute residuals from the prior procedures 
gen residstage2 = prgrowth-predvalstage2
gen absresidstage2 = abs(residstage2)




************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* Testing the Residual Process from SECOND-STAGE ARCH(j) Analysis (ANALYSIS FROM 1 TO 4 LAGS ON THE ARCH TERMS) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg absresidstage2 l(1/1).absresidstage2, feestat icpredict absresid2ndpred1, xbu
*

xtreg absresidstage2 l(1/2).absresidstage2, feestat ic
predict absresid2ndpred2, xbu
*
xtreg absresidstage2 l(1/3).absresidstage2, feestat ic
predict absresid2ndpred3, xbu
*
xtreg absresidstage2 l(1/4).absresidstage2, feestat icpredict absresid2ndpred4, xbu

correlate absresid2ndpred1 absresid2ndpred2 absresid2ndpred3 absresid2ndpred4 
* NOTE: Results of the testing process above is that we will use ARCH(1) going forward because the correlations with higher-order ARCH lag processes are > + 0.99, 
* plus we save from unnecessarily losing observations


************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 


gen lagabsresidstage2=l.absresidstage2
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* EQUATION (2.5): "FINAL" SECOND-STAGE ARCH(1) RESIDUAL ANALYSIS *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

bootstrap _b, reps(10003) bca seed(123) nodots saving(eq3primeboot, replace): xtreg absresidstage2 lagabsresidstage2, feestat ic
predict bstrapeq3p, xbuxtile bootmedcons4=_b[_cons], nquantiles(2)xtile bootmedlagstage2resid=_b[lagabsresidstage2], nquantiles(2)gen cfesdhat2=bootmedcons4+bootmedlagstage2resid*lagabsresidstage2gen cfesd2party=cfesdhat2*prespartygen cfesd2modagency=cfesdhat2*modagencygen cfesd2libagency=cfesdhat2*libagencygen cfesd2partymodag=cfesdhat2*modagency*prespartygen cfesd2partylibag=cfesdhat2*libagency*presparty



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
******* EQUATION (2.6): SECOND-STAGE/"FINAL' GENERALIZED PROPOSAL EQUATION ANALYSIS & CORRESPONDING WALD-TYPE HYPOTHESIS TESTS (DERIVED FROM THE EMPIRICAL DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION VIA 10,000 BOOTSTRAP SIMULATIONS) ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 



*** "PRELIMINARY" EQUATION (2.6) ESTIMATES (SANS BOOTSTRAP STANDARD ERRORS)-- USED TO OBTAIN MODEL FIT STATISTICS (DO NOT REPORT COEFFICIENTS AND STANDARD ERRORS FROM THIS MODEL RUN)***
 
regress prgrowth ///
	eip presparty libagency modagency partymod partylib cfesdhat2 cfesd2party cfesd2modagency cfesd2libagency ///
	cfesd2partymodag cfesd2partylibag

estat ic 



*** "FINAL" EQUATION (2.6) ESTIMATES --  REPORT COEFFICIENTS AND STANDARD ERRORS (COEFFICIENTS AND SAMPLE SIZE SHOULD BE IDENTICAL TO "PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES" ABOVE ***
	
xtset, clear
*eststo clear
quietly bootstrap _b, reps(10010) bca seed(123) cluster(agencycode) idcluster(new3agencycode) saving(cfesregboot, replace): regress prgrowth ///	eip presparty libagency modagency partymod partylib cfesdhat2 cfesd2party cfesd2modagency cfesd2libagency ///	cfesd2partymodag cfesd2partylibag
estat bootstrap, all
predict execreqgp, xbquietly bootstrap _b h1=(_b[_cons]) ///	h2=(_b[_cons] +_b[modagency]) ///	h3=(_b[_cons] +_b[libagency]) /// 	h4=(_b[libagency] - _b[modagency]) /// 	h5=(_b[_cons] + _b[presparty]) ///	h6=(_b[_cons] + _b[presparty] + _b[modagency] + _b[partymod]) /// 	h7=(_b[_cons] + _b[presparty] + _b[libagency] + _b[partylib]) ///	h8=(_b[libagency] + _b[partylib] - _b[modagency] - _b[partymod]) /// 	h9=(_b[cfesdhat2]) /// 	h10=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2modagency]) ///	h11=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2libagency]) ///	h12=(_b[cfesd2modagency] - _b[cfesd2libagency]) /// 	h13=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2party]) ///	h14=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2party] + _b[cfesd2modagency] + _b[cfesd2partymodag]) ///	h15=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2party] + _b[cfesd2libagency] + _b[cfesd2partylibag])  ///	h16=(_b[cfesd2libagency] + _b[cfesd2partylibag] -  _b[cfesd2modagency] - _b[cfesd2partymodag]) h17=(_b[presparty]) ///	h18=(_b[presparty] + _b[partymod]) ///	h19=(_b[presparty] + _b[partylib]) /// 	h20=(_b[cfesd2party]) /// 	h21=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2partymodag]) /// 	h22=(_b[cfesdhat2] + _b[cfesd2partylibag]), ///	cluster(agencycode) idcluster(new4agencycode) ///
	  reps(10010) bca seed(123): regress prgrowth eip presparty libagency modagency partymod partylib ///       cfesdhat2 cfesd2party cfesd2modagency cfesd2libagency cfesd2partymodag cfesd2partylibagestat bootstrap, all

*capturing the values in local macros to use in calculating the asymmetric loss function
local h1 = e(exp13)local h2 = e(exp15) local h3 = e(exp16)local h4 = e(exp17)local h5 = e(exp18)local h6 = e(exp19) local h7 = e(exp20)local h8 = e(exp21)local h9 = e(exp22)local h10 = e(exp23)local h11 = e(exp24)local h12 = e(exp25)local h13 = e(exp26)local h14 = e(exp27)local h15 = e(exp28)local h16 = e(exp29)local h17 = e(exp30)local h18 = e(exp31)local h19 = e(exp32)local h20 = e(exp33)local h21 = e(exp34)local h22 = e(exp35)***


xtset agencycode fiscalyear, yearly

************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
***** CORRELATION BETWEEN (2.1), (2.4), & (2.6) -- EXCESS FUNDING BIAS ESTIMATES, FIRST-STAGE, & SECOND-STAGE GENERALIZED PROPOSAL MODEL PREDICTED VALUES  *****

correlate predreq1 predvalstage2 execreqgp
***** CORRELATION BETWEEN (2.3) and (2.5) -- FIRST-STAGE & SECOND-STAGE ARCH(1) MODEL PREDICTED VALUES  *****
correlate cfesdhat1 cfesdhat2
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 


************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 




* APPROPRIATIONS GROWTH MODELS *


* CREATING IMPLICIT BUDGETARY PREFERENCE (IP) VARIABLE: (GENERALIZED PROPOSAL - EXTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCE [EIP])

gen ip=execreqgp-eipxtset agencycode fiscalyear, yearly

* ASSESSING CORRELATIONS AMONG RELEVANT : OBSERVED PROPOSAL (OP), EXTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCES(EIP), GENERALIZED PROPOSAL (GP = EXTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCES [EIP] + INTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCES [IP]), 
* and IMPLICIT BUDGETARY PREFERENCES (IP = GP - EIP)
correlate prgrowth eip execreqgp ip appgrowth


**************** FULL SPECIFICATION (ADDITIVE EXECUTIVE BUDGET COVARIATES) ******************************



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.1a): INCLUSION OF OBSERVED EXECUTIVE BUDGET PROPOSAL GROWTH & "CONTROL" COVARIATES FROM EIP MODEL (INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES: KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth prgrowth hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush if ip!=., ///
	  fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic




************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.1b): INCLUSION OF ONLY GENERALIZED PROPOSAL (EXECREQGP) & "CONTROL" COVARIATES FROM EIP MODEL (INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES: KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth execreqgp hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush if ip!=., ///
	  fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 




************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.1c):  EXTERNALLY-INDUCED PREFERENCE (EIP) PROPOSAL & INTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCES (IP), INCLUSION OF "CONTROL" COVARIATES IN EIP MODEL: INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES (KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth eip ip hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush, fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic





************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* ASYMMETRIC PRESIDENTIAL BUDGETARY INFLUENCE, I: MULTIPLICATIVE MODELS INVOLVING UNIFIED/DIVIDED PARTY GOVERNMENT DISTINCTION [= 1 IF ALL BRANCHES CONTROLLED BY A SINGLE PARTY, = 0 IF OTHERWISE] *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 




generate prgrowthupg=prgrowth*unifiedpartygovt

generate execreqgpupg=execreqgp*unifiedpartygovt

generate eipupg=eip*unifiedpartygovt

generate ipupg=ip*unifiedpartygovt



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.2a): INCLUSION OF OBSERVED EXECUTIVE BUDGET PROPOSAL GROWTH & "CONTROL" COVARIATES FROM EIP MODEL (INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES: KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth prgrowth prgrowthupg unifiedpartygovt hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush if ip!=., ///
	  fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic

*
test prgrowth + prgrowthupg = 0



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.2b): INCLUSION OF ONLY GENERALIZED PROPOSAL (EXECREQGP)  & "CONTROL" COVARIATES FROM EIP MODEL (INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES: KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth execreqgp execreqgpupg unifiedpartygovt hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush if ip!=., ///
	  fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic

*
test execreqgp + execreqgpupg  = 0





************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.2c): EXTERNALLY-INDUCED PREFERENCE (EIP) PROPOSAL & INTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCES (IP), INCLUSION OF "CONTROL" COVARIATES IN EIP MODEL: INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES (KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth eip eipupg ip ipupg unifiedpartygovt hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush, fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic

*
test ip + ipupg = 0

test eip + eipupg = 0 

*

test ip = eip

test ip + ipupg = eip + eipupg


************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 









************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* ASYMMETRIC PRESIDENTIAL BUDGETARY INDFLUENCE, II: MULTIPLICATIVE MODELS INVOLVING PRESIDENTS SEEKS LESS OR EQUAL FUNDING VIS-A-VIS CONGRESS [= 1 if REQUEST <= APPROPRIATIONS; = 0 if REQUEST > APPROPRIATIONS] *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 


generate prgrowthasym=prgrowth*asymmetric

generate execreqgpasym=execreqgp*asymmetric

generate eipasym=eip*asymmetric

generate ipasym=ip*asymmetric



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.3a): INCLUSION OF OBSERVED EXECUTIVE BUDGET PROPOSAL GROWTH & "CONTROL" COVARIATES FROM EIP MODEL (INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES: KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth prgrowth prgrowthasym asymmetric hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush if ip!=., ///
	  fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic

*
test prgrowth + prgrowthasym = 0



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.3b): INCLUSION OF ONLY GENERALIZED PROPOSAL (EXECREQGP) & "CONTROL" COVARIATES FROM EIP MODEL (INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES: KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth  execreqgp execreqgpasym asymmetric hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush if ip!=., ///
	  fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic

*
test execreqgp + execreqgpasym = 0






************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
* MODEL (3.3c): EXTERNALLY-INDUCED PREFERENCE (EIP) PROPOSAL & INTERNALLY-INDUCED BUDGETARY PREFERENCES (IP), INCLUSION OF "CONTROL" COVARIATES IN EIP MODEL: INCLUSION OF ADMINISTRATION SPECIFIC TIME-WISE FIXED EFFECT DUMMIES (KENNEDY-JOHNSON BASELINE CAPTURED IN THE INTERCEPT) *
************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 

xtreg appgrowth eip eipasym ip ipasym asymmetric hdempctai sdempctai congelyr cpartmajchangecorrected asctha asciha lagbudgetgap ueratecong lagfedsurpdefpctgdp vietiraqwardefense budget74amends grh any_supp nixonford carter reagan ghwbush clinton gwbush, fe vce(bootstrap, nodots bca reps(10000) seed(123))

estat ic

*
test ip + ipasym = 0

test eip + eipasym = 0

*

test ip = eip

test ip + ipasym = eip + eipasym



************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** 
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save "D:\Asymmetric Loss Project\New Version (2012)\Data Folder\policy priorities.unrestricted alternative EIP models.01-09-13.allvars.dta", replacelog close